Future teachers' digital competence: what is the perception of current students teachers'?

En el momento actual, el rol de los docentes resulta fundamental para capacitar a los estudiantes utilizando todas las potencialidades que ofrecen las TIC. Los docentes necesitan disponer, no solo de una alfabetización digital básica, sino también ser capaces de integrarlas en sus prácticas didácticas, y para ello, su formación inicial resulta fundamental. El principal objetivo de este estudio es explorar la competencia digital de futuros docentes a partir de su autopercepción, un factor clave para su posterior desempeño. Para ello, una muestra de 149 estudiantes universitarios de educación respondieron a un cuestionario de autopercepción diseñando siguiendo los estándares de ISTE. Según los resultados, la mayoría de los futuros docentes disponen de un nivel alto de competencia digital docente (especialmente en habilidades digitales básicas más que en su aplicación didáctica), asimismo se evidenciaron ciertas diferencias significativas en cuanto a la edad, en el área de las habilidades digitales básicas.Nowadays, the role of teachers is crucial in empowering students with the advantages of ICT. Teachers are required not only to become basically digitally literate, but they should also be able to integrate technology into their teaching, and initial teacher education is one of the most important factors for this purpose. The main aim of this study was to explore the student teachers’ digital competence through their own self-perceptions, a key factor for their future performance. For this purpose, a sample of 149 student teachers’ completed a self-perception questionnaire constructed in accordance with ISTE standards. The results show that most student teachers have a high level of self-perceived digital competence (better basic digital skills that in didactic use of ICT). However, there were significant differences in basic digital skills according to the age of student teachers

Sensor for Distance Measurement Using Pixel Grey-Level Information

An alternative method for distance measurement is presented, based on a radiometric approach to the image formation process. The proposed methodology uses images from an infrared emitting diode (IRED) to estimate the distance between the camera and the IRED. Camera output grey-level intensities are a function of the accumulated image irradiance, which is also related by inverse distance square law to the distance between the camera and the IRED. Analyzing camera-IRED distance, magnitudes that affected image grey-level intensities, and therefore accumulated image irradiance, were integrated into a differential model which was calibrated and used for distance estimation over a 200 to 600 cm range. In a preliminary model, the camera and the emitter were aligned

Robot Localization in Tunnels: Combining Discrete Features in a Pose Graph Framework; 35214292

Robot localization inside tunnels is a challenging task due to the special conditions of these environments. The GPS-denied nature of these scenarios, coupled with the low visibility, slippery and irregular surfaces, and lack of distinguishable visual and structural features, make traditional robotics methods based on cameras, lasers, or wheel encoders unreliable. Fortunately, tunnels provide other types of valuable information that can be used for localization purposes. On the one hand, radio frequency signal propagation in these types of scenarios shows a predictable periodic structure (periodic fadings) under certain settings, and on the other hand, tunnels present structural characteristics (e.g., galleries, emergency shelters) that must comply with safety regulations. The solution presented in this paper consists of detecting both types of features to be introduced as discrete sources of information in an alternative graph-based localization approach. The results obtained from experiments conducted in a real tunnel demonstrate the validity and suitability of the proposed system for inspection applications. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

A Focusing Method in the Calibration Process of Image Sensors Based on IOFBs

A focusing procedure in the calibration process of image sensors based on Incoherent Optical Fiber Bundles (IOFBs) is described using the information extracted from fibers. These procedures differ from any other currently known focusing method due to the non spatial in-out correspondence between fibers, which produces a natural codification of the image to transmit. Focus measuring is essential prior to carrying out calibration in order to guarantee accurate processing and decoding. Four algorithms have been developed to estimate the focus measure; two methods based on mean grey level, and the other two based on variance. In this paper, a few simple focus measures are defined and compared. Some experimental results referred to the focus measure and the accuracy of the developed methods are discussed in order to demonstrate its effectiveness

Análise Comparativa do Novo Paradigma Ecológico em dois Estados Brasileiros: A Gestão Ambiental além do Mercado e do Estado

Recent researches have shown that companies in Brazilians northeast deny assimilating a trend toincorporate the environmental management in their strategies. For long it is accepted that threewould be the three basic driving forces to corporate environmental management: themarketstructure; theStatewith its command=and= control mechanisms and policies, and thesociety(thecommunity). This article aims to identify the influence of the society, measuring their immersion ina new social paradigm, the New Environmental Paradigm – NEP, through the application of the“NEP=Scale Questionnaire”. The article intends to use students from five universities from twoBrazilian states, Ceará and Rio Grande do Sul, andcompares data results, to validate, or not, theinfluence of the third driving force towards a distinctive behavior in the companies at BraziliansNortheast. Even though a sample composed of university students can be thought as a limitingfactor, it adjusts the sample to a similar socioeconomic condition and level of access to information,consequently excluding those variables from analysis. The results validate the Scale and show adifferential between the both societies. It can bethe explanation from the companies’ behavi

Occurrence of rotavirus a genotypes and other enteric pathogens in diarrheic suckling piglets from Spanish swine farms

Species A rotavirus (RVA) is a major viral pathogen causing diarrhea in suckling piglets. Studies on its genetic heterogeneity have implications for vaccine efficacy in the field. In this study, fecal samples (n = 866) from diarrheic piglets younger than 28 days were analyzed over a two-year period (2018–2019). Samples were submitted from 426 farms located in 36 provinces throughout Spain and were tested using real-time PCR (qPCR) and reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) for five enteric pathogens. The individual prevalence was 89.4%, 64.4%, 44.9%, 33.7% and 4.4% for Clostridiumperfringens, Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile, species A rotavirus, species C rotavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, respectively. Most specimens (96.9%) were positive for at least one of the target pathogens, and more than 80% of samples harbored mixed infections. Nucleotide sequencing of 70 specimens positive for RVA revealed the presence of the VP7 genotypes G4, G9, G3, G5, G11 and the VP4 genotypes P7, P23, P6 and P13, with the combinations G4P7 and G9P23 being the most prevalent, and especially in the areas with the highest pig population. The study shows the extensive genetic diversity of RVA strains as well as discrepancies with the genotypes contained in the vaccine available in Spain, and multiple amino acid differences in antigenic epitopes of different G- and P- genotypes with the vaccine strains. Further investigations are needed to determine the efficacy of the vaccine to confer clinical protection against heterologous strains

Efficient Smart CMOS Camera Based on FPGAs Oriented to Embedded Image Processing

This article describes an image processing system based on an intelligent ad-hoc camera, whose two principle elements are a high speed 1.2 megapixel Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) sensor and a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The latter is used to control the various sensor parameter configurations and, where desired, to receive and process the images captured by the CMOS sensor. The flexibility and versatility offered by the new FPGA families makes it possible to incorporate microprocessors into these reconfigurable devices, and these are normally used for highly sequential tasks unsuitable for parallelization in hardware. For the present study, we used a Xilinx XC4VFX12 FPGA, which contains an internal Power PC (PPC) microprocessor. In turn, this contains a standalone system which manages the FPGA image processing hardware and endows the system with multiple software options for processing the images captured by the CMOS sensor. The system also incorporates an Ethernet channel for sending processed and unprocessed images from the FPGA to a remote node. Consequently, it is possible to visualize and configure system operation and captured and/or processed images remotely

Parametric Dense Stereovision Implementation on a System-on Chip (SoC)

This paper proposes a novel hardware implementation of a dense recovery of stereovision 3D measurements. Traditionally 3D stereo systems have imposed the maximum number of stereo correspondences, introducing a large restriction on artificial vision algorithms. The proposed system-on-chip (SoC) provides great performance and efficiency, with a scalable architecture available for many different situations, addressing real time processing of stereo image flow. Using double buffering techniques properly combined with pipelined processing, the use of reconfigurable hardware achieves a parametrisable SoC which gives the designer the opportunity to decide its right dimension and features. The proposed architecture does not need any external memory because the processing is done as image flow arrives. Our SoC provides 3D data directly without the storage of whole stereo images. Our goal is to obtain high processing speed while maintaining the accuracy of 3D data using minimum resources. Configurable parameters may be controlled by later/parallel stages of the vision algorithm executed on an embedded processor. Considering hardware FPGA clock of 100 MHz, image flows up to 50 frames per second (fps) of dense stereo maps of more than 30,000 depth points could be obtained considering 2 Mpix images, with a minimum initial latency. The implementation of computer vision algorithms on reconfigurable hardware, explicitly low level processing, opens up the prospect of its use in autonomous systems, and they can act as a coprocessor to reconstruct 3D images with high density information in real time

Guía de recursos para la investigación antropológica.

Sin resume